STUDIES OF BEAM FORMING ALGORITHMS FOR SMART ANTENNA SYSTEMS IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION APPLICATION

Abstract

Adaptive antenna arrays are being developed to cope with the high capacity requirement of the 3G/4G wireless cellular communications systems Smart antenna is the most efficient leading innovation for maximum capacity and improved quality and coverage. A systematic comparison of the performance of different Adaptive Algorithms for beam forming for Smart Antenna System has been extensively studied in this research work. Simulation results revealed that training sequence algorithms like Recursive Least Squares (RLS) and Least Mean Squares (LMS) are best for beam forming (to form main lobes) towards desired user but they have limitations towards interference rejection .While Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) has satisfactory response towards beam forming and it gives better outcome for interference rejection, but Bit Error Rate (BER) is maximum in case of single antenna element in CMA. It is verified that convergence rate of RLS is faster than LMS so RLS is proved the best choice. The effect of changing step size for LMS algorithm has also been studied.