THE INFLUENCE OF NATIONAL CULTURE AND ETHICAL LEADERSHIP ON PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN IRAQ

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the influence of national culture represented by Hofstede cultural dimensions on enhancing the sustainable development. At the same time, investigate the influence of ethical leadership represented by Islamic ethics and well-known ethics demonstrated in the literature on enhancing the sustainable development in Iraq. The study tries to answer two questions: Do complex aspect of national culture truly make the influence on the sustainability of programs? Do ethical leadership approaches truly make the influence on the sustainability of programs? This study utilized available data on website (Hofstede and World Economic Forum), applying the archival research method. Afterward, test the relationship between national culturedimensions and sustainable development.The current research uses the methodological of a literature review which aims to discuss the principles of sustainable development. Significant of this study is the lack of studies dealing with these variables and revising the literature uncover there is no research exists on the influence of national culture and ethical leadership on sustainable development. Findings of this study shed some lights on the impressions and reflections of this dimensionson sustainable development in Iraq. World Economic Forum, Schwab (2015) data used to evaluate sustainable development that it is evaluation of attitude concerningthe environment, natural resources, investments, governmental institutions for better present and future.