ROOTS OF DEMOCRACY: POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION AND CONSTITUTIONAL VALUES IN CONTEMPORARY INDIA

Abstract

India's democratic framework is rooted not only in its Constitution but also in the intricate processes of political socialization that influence citizens’ engagement with democratic values. This paper explores the dynamic interplay between political socialization agents—such as family, education, media, and political institutions—and the constitutional ethos of liberty, equality, and secularism in shaping political behavior in contemporary India. The study analyzes how democratic ideals are internalized across different social groups and evaluates the efficacy of civic education and participatory practices in promoting active citizenship. It also addresses the challenges posed by rising political polarization, misinformation, and identity-based politics in undermining constitutional principles. By critically examining both historical foundations and current transformations, the paper offers insights into sustaining democratic resilience in the Indian polity.